Lock-joint subdrainage pipe



Nov. 1, 1938. v D. B. DlMlcK 2,135,103

LOCK JOINT SUBDRAINAGE PIPE Filed Jan. 4, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet l Nov. 1, 1938. D. B. DlMlcK LOCK JOI`NT SUBDRAINAGE PIPE Filed- Jan. 4, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 1, 1938 UNI'TEDsTATEsY PATENT oFFIcE g,1s5,1o3'7 V'Look-,Jouv'll SUBDRAINAGE PIPE Danielj Dniick, Newton. Masts.

in lock-joint subdrainage pipeandhasifor an Job; ject to provide an improvedconnection or joint between sections of subdrainage pipe that will act to hold the sections of pipe together against any likelihood of separation, while at the same Atime allowing of a certain flexibility between the pipe sections incident tothe uneven settling of Weights and other causes. f

The invention also contemplates the provisionY of an improved joint in Which-the items offsimplicity and economy in manufacture are taken.

largely into account,y togethejwiththe further feature that the pipe sections may be assembled and locked together easilyand quicklyin trenches contribute jointly to the single purposeof secur" ing the pipe sections together. againstv separation in such a snugly set-up relation as to avoid leak-l age at the points.

, With the 'foregoing and other objects in view,`

the invention will be more fully described hereinafter, and will be more partcularlypointe'dfout in the claims appended hereto.v

In the drawingsywherein Vlike symbols refer to like or corresponding parts throughout theseveral views.

Figure 1 is a fragmentary .perspective View showing an improved lock-joint subdrainage pipe constructed accordingto the present invention.

Figure 2 is a side View, withparts broken away and parts shown insectionfwith thepipe secltions disassembled. Y

Figure 3 is a longitudinal vertical sectional View taken on the line 3-3 in Figure 1 and with the parts assembled. n

Figure 4is a side view, with parts broken Vaway and parts shown in section of Atwo sections of pipe joined together by the improved joint and indi-` cating the flexible character thereof.` .n

Figure is a vertical transverse'section taken on the line 5-5 in Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a top plan View ofaslightly modiified form of the invention Figure '7 is a longitudinal vertical section taken on the line 'I-'I in Figure 6.: i

Figure 8 is an end ViewV as seen l end of one .of thepipe sections. Y;

l ofthe exible connectedfsections. the ground, abnormal' localized superimposed Vfrom Ithe bell l' Figure 9 is a sinmarview from thefs'pigot end.

-FigurelO is a vertical section, taken onan enlarged scale, on the line III-IU 'in` FigureA 7'; and Y y.

Figurevll is an" enlarged verticalsection 0i the joint shown vin Figure 7 and illustrating the radius of curvatureand radius of'irelative movement' Referringfmoreparticularly to Figures '1 to '5,

` A and B represent twoadjoining sections ofA subdrainage pipe constructed in accordancel with the present',- invention inmetal,` clay or `other appropriate'material. These sections may beV each cin'nposedl cfa semi-circular `.or rother form-of wall I'2v`between the upper portions of which is supported acradle -orr top wall I3. The Vcradle preferably slopes frontend to end of "its pipe secf tion whereby the vlower end of one cradle "will extend vertically beneath the adjacentV higher end of the i cradlegof; the adjacent section, y thus pr'o` ducing lan elongated slot or gap I4 leading'from the upper-surface vof the cradle ISof a higher'pipeA sectiofnrB throl'igh` the slot intotheinterior of the next lower forcarry-oifsection` A.

As shown in-'Fig'ure 3, the water which `settles upon the cradle I3 of section-B descends through the interior fof 'the Apipe section A. thusstirring i up"the fluid material in the subdrainageppe and stopping-up of the slot I4. I A

VThe'bell end of "the pipe'A is'indicated atV I5, while at' I6 is shownfthespigotend of the pipev having.ajself-clearingaction so as to vavoid the' section B. Pads-Il andI'81 are cast or otherwise produced uponthe bell and spigot, VThese pads will extend preferably in a circumferential direction about one-third the normal diameter of the pipe,y although this isnot essential. The pad Ilv Inside the pad is formed thereby a depression i9 into which ther complementalfpad I8 of the bell I6 ts as'indi'catedin Figure 3. In separated position the parts are shown in Figure 2. The pads II.1and 'I8 constitute the internal flocking device.

they taper from one end tothe other. These gap or slot I4 in a cascade eiect downwardly into ears are -upon the outside upper portions ofy the bell-I5, being two in number and located at sub-5A stantially. diametrically opposite points near: the upper partof the pipe. As best shown in'y Figure 51,',

the ears I9 have lower incurved surfaces 20 to iform sliding interlocking connection with the lower jaws 2| of the malleable clips 22. The ears I9' or the incurved lower surfacesv 20 thereof, are tapering from end to end. That is the ears progress in thickness from one end to the other. 'I'his condition is shown in Figure 2 in which the smaller dimension of theears is shown to the right and the larger dimension at the inner end of the bell I5. Thus when the malleable clips v22 are driven onto the ears, a binding effect is created due to the wedge action produced by the ears and the clips. This wedge action causes the other jaws 23 of the clips 22 to press down upon the upper edges or curbings 24 of the spigot I6 thus holding the pad I8 down in the socket or depression I9 and behind the companion pad I1. other words, the inner surface 20 is higher at one end than it is at the other. The highery end is at the free end of the bell I5. The same result could be produced of course if thetaper was upon the claw or jaw 2l of the clip 2,2. The upper claw or jawV 23 rides within an opstanding rib 25 on the bell. This rib 25 guides the clip and in conjunction with the ear I9', which from Figure 5wi1l "-be shown to extend outwardly'andl downwardly from the Vside of the bell, coacts to bind lthe jaws of the clip 22 in place lupon the joint. The clip 22 may be slid horizontally from lthe higher or narrower end of the ear I9fand driven by hammer blows towardsV thel other thicker orlower end. In other words the -hammenblows will act to wedge the clip 22 upon the ear I9 and upon the rib 25 and the curbing 24 of-,ther spigotv I6. The same result could be` securedL by having the inclination or wedge formationon clip122. The malleability of the clip 22 enables the same to be forced onto the cast iron pipe joint without likelihood of danger of breakage to either-3` Moreover,

ticity which will enable the partstoA-be. put under great pressure and tension. fIherebyapositive lock is produced for the joint Without,- however, interfering with `the. deflection `of one pipesec tion with respect to another which is owing tothe At the same time the joint possesses arcertain rigidity that will prevent thecasual or accidental separation vof the pipe sectionsand will avoid.

leakage. The malleable iron clip may be put in a vise and adjusted as by opening or closing the jaws 2| and 23 thereof to greater or lesser extent, whereby the clips are madeto conform to. the deflection in the vpipe sections Awhichuthey act to couple together. l

The requirement of such a lockjoint feature is due to the fact that in railroadworkbefore the construction has consolidated theremay be al movement of the materialwhich` causes -:acon

separate. The lock-joint will hold thesections together. At the same time it isrvery desirable to have a lock-joint which will yield rather than onewhich is wholly rigid. The valueof the construction consists in the fact ,that itfis positivi-:fin locking the pipe together butpconstructedso that thejoint will yield ordeflectjunder pressure, ,1 The; arrangement of theinternal and external locking devices gives a remarkablyyfleiiblgeJoint.. j 1

the same construction isillustratedwiththe ex` ception that the pads- I'I and I8 are replacedpby a' sunken ordepressed area ISeofztheibelI and a convex for 4raised portion ISP .on .tl'1e;`s`pigot .'.In order to' obtain exibiltmthe. twoisectionsshouldf such a clip will possess a certain amountlof elas;k

centrated load on the pipe tending 'tocauselitztoi Referring more particularly tQ-'Fgulesf to be able to move together on the line of curvature between the parts I9a and |91. This might be styled the` lobe curve, the center of which is at C Icated in Figure4. In 'other words, the pipe sections are in this sense said to be flexible 'at the joint.

Now it will be noted from Figure 10 that the 'concave and convex parts |98L and I!)b extend up and around from the bottom of the pipe only about half way. In other words, these intertting parts Ieand I9b do not go all the way up on bothsides of the pipe section. 'Ihe center C at the spigot end acts as a fulcrum and the pipe tends to sag downward, creating a sliding move- Vment at the arrow point, preventing a swivel Vmovement binds the pad I8 of the spigot into the recess I9 and back of the bell pad I1.

In' Figures; 6 -to 11,1 it is assumed that a proper intertting relation already obtains between parts lee andall? beforeputting the clips in place.`

Therefore, anybinding action ofthe clips, even an outward horizontali'binding action, will suffice as the clips will athenholdfthe spigotend'fromv lifting out ofthe previously Aengaged-position of the intertting ,parts ,|A and AI9b -It is obvious that various changes and modications may be made in the details of construction and design rof the' above specifically described embodiment 'of this invention without departing from the spirit thereof, such changesv and modifications being restricted only byv the scope of Vthe following claims:

What-iis claimed is:

1. A'subdrainage half-round pipe comprising adjoining pipe sections with.V intertting half bell-and spigot, ksaid pipe sectionshavingsubstantially semi-circular bottom walls 'and hat top f cradles, intertting parts on the Voverlapping half bell and-spigot, ears lon the outside of the:

half bell, ribs upstanding from said half bell, and malleable clips slidably engaged upon said ears and over said ribs and having claws, one clawengaging beneath the ear, the other claw engaging uponthe upper side .of the semiecircular wall and within said rib, said clip and earhaving wedge surfaces therebetween.4

2. In alsubdrainag'e :pipe composed. .of a plurality of. pipe sections, each section being composed of a substantially semi-cylindrical bottom wall and a substantially flatV top wall sloping from end to end of the pipe section, said pipe sections having upstanding curbings at `the lower ends of said topwalls, saidpipe sections having half bell portions projecting from the higher ends of the top walls for enveloping the deep curbings of the half spigot ends of thezadjacent pipe sections, said half. bellslhavingribs projecting up-V Vwardly therefrom outwardly ofthe deep curbings` of the half spigot ends, projections on the outer parts of 'the half bell ends, and slidable means cooperating with said projections and having wedge surfaces therebetween, said means having jaws guided by said ribs and slidably engaging upon the upper surfaces of said deep curbings.

3. In a subdrainage pipe composed of a number of similar pipe sections, each said section composed generally of a substantially semi-cylindrical bottom wall and a fiat top wall sloping from end to end of the section, each section having a half spigot end and a half bell end for receiving the half spigot end of an adjacent pipe section, said pipe sections having curbings extending above the at top wall, said flat top walls forming gaps therebetween at the assembled half bell and spigot ends of two adjacent pipe sections, ribs upstanding from the half bell ends outwardly of said curbings and upwardly above the curbings, projections on the outer substantially diametrically opposite portions of the half bell ends, and malleable means slidably mounted with respect to said projections, said projections and malleable means having wedge surfaces therebetween, said malleable means having jaws extending within and guided by said ribs and slidable directly in contact with said curbings.l

4. In a subdrainage pipe composed of a plurality of pipe sections, each such pipe section including a substantially semi-circular bottom wall and a sloping top wall with curbings upstanding above said top wall, said pipe sections having half spigot and half bell ends for fitting together to join two adjacent pipe sections together, the half spigot end of one pipe section tting into the half bell end of an adjacent pipe Vupwardly beyond said curbings, projections on the half bell portions just below said ribs, and malleable clips slidably and interlockably engaged with said projections, said projections and clips having wedge surfaces therebetween, said clips also having jaws riding within and guided by said ribs and slidable in contact with said curbings. .Y

5. In a subdrainage pipe composed of pipe sections of substantially semi-cylindrical form having cradle top walls for collecting drainage water, said top Walls having gaps therebetween at the meeting portions of said pipe sections to permit the infiltration of the drainage water into the interior of the pipe, said pipe sections having interlocking portions at the meeting parts of the pipe sections, said interlocking portions having a limited relative movement in a direction axially of the pipe sections for permitting of the angular adjusting tilting movement of one pipe section with respect to another, and means for detachably binding said interlocking portions in the interlocking relation, said means being in substantial alignment with said interlocking portions in a direction transversely'of the pipe whereby said means will not interfere with the rocking or tilting movement of one pipe section with reference to another.

DANIEL B. DIMICK. 

